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1.
Braz. J. Anesth. (Impr.) ; 73(1): 10-15, Jan.-Feb. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420647

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background The effect of regional analgesia on perioperative infectious complications remains unknown. We therefore tested the hypothesis that a composite of serious infections after colorectal surgery is less common in patients with regional analgesia than in those given Intravenous Patient-Controlled Analgesia (IV-PCA) with opiates. Methods Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery lasting one hour or more under general anesthesia at the Cleveland Clinic Main Campus between 2009 and 2015 were included in this retrospective analysis. Exposures were defined as regional postoperative analgesia with epidurals or Transversus Abdominis Plane blocks (TAP); or IV-PCA with opiates only. The outcome was defined as a composite of in-hospital serious infections, including intraabdominal abscess, pelvic abscess, deep or organ-space Surgical Site Infection (SSI), clostridium difficile, pneumonia, or sepsis. Logistic regression model adjusted for the imbalanced potential confounding factors among the subset of matched surgeries was used to report the odds ratios along with 95% confidence limits. The significance criterion was p < 0.05. Results A total of 7811 patients met inclusion and exclusion criteria of which we successfully matched 681 regional anesthesia patients to 2862 IV-PCA only patients based on propensity scores derived from potential confounding factors. There were 82 (12%) in-hospital postoperative serious infections in the regional analgesia group vs. 285 (10%) in IV-PCA patients. Regional analgesia was not significantly associated with serious infection (odds ratio: 1.14; 95% Confidence Interval 0.87‒1.49; p-value = 0.339) after adjusting for surgical duration and volume of intraoperative crystalloids. Conclusion Regional analgesia should not be selected as postoperative analgesic technique to reduce infections.


Subject(s)
Humans , Colorectal Surgery , Opiate Alkaloids , Pain, Postoperative/etiology , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Surgical Wound Infection/prevention & control , Surgical Wound Infection/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Analgesia, Patient-Controlled/methods , Abscess/complications , Analgesics, Opioid
3.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 70(3): 271-277, May-June 2020. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1137178

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background and objectives: It is suggested that 38-45% of patients experience preoperative anxiety. We observe that patients undergoing living donor nephrectomy suffer from anxiety. Preoperative anxiety may complicate a patient's recovery from anesthesia and postoperative pain control. This study investigates the preoperative anxiety rate and its effect on anesthetic recovery and postoperative pain in patients undergoing donor nephrectomy. Methods: Forty-eight individuals undergoing living-related renal donor nephrectomy were included in this analytic prospective observational cohort study. Their preoperative anxiety was measured with the STAI-I and STAI-II inventories. The relationships between anxiety scores with data regarding demographics, recovery from anesthesia, and postoperative pain scores were investigated. Results: The findings were remarkable in that the anxiety scores of living renal donors were significantly correlated with their recovery variables, which are spontaneous respiration time, sufficient respiration time, extubation time, and PACU discharge time (p < 0.01). Anxiety scores were significantly positively correlated with the pain scores of the 30th minute, 1st, 2nd, 4th, 8th, 12th, 24th hours, and the total amounts of analgesic administered in 24 hours (p < 0.05). A significantly negative correlation was also determined between anxiety scores and patients' satisfaction. Conclusion: Our study showed that patients undergoing living-related donor nephrectomy with high anxiety levels had late recovery times and high postoperative pain scores. Thus, determining those patients with high preoperative anxiety level is crucial to providing patients with satisfactory emerging from anesthesia and the control of their postoperative pain during donor nephrectomy.


Resumo Justificativa e objetivos: Estima-se que 38-45% dos pacientes apresentem ansiedade pré-operatória. Observamos que doadores vivos submetidos à nefrectomia para doação apresentam ansiedade. A ansiedade pré-operatória pode complicar a recuperação anestésica e controle pós-operatório de dor do paciente. O presente estudo mediu as taxas de ansiedade no pré-operatório e seus efeitos na recuperação anestésica e dor pós-operatória em pacientes doadores submetidos a nefrectomia. Método: Quarenta e oito doadores vivos submetidos a nefrectomia para doação de rim foram incluídos neste estudo de coorte prospectivo observacional. A ansiedade pré-operatória foi medida usando os inventários IDATE-I e IDATE-II. As relações entre os escores de ansiedade e dados relacionados a demografia, recuperação da anestesia e escores de dor no pós-operatório foram estudadas. Resultados: Os achados foram notáveis porque os escores de ansiedade de doadores renais vivos se correlacionaram de maneira significante com as variáveis de recuperação, a saber, tempo para respiração espontânea, tempo para respiração adequada, tempo para extubação e tempo para alta da RPA (p < 0,01). Os escores de ansiedade apresentaram correlação significantemente positiva com os escores de dor do 30o minuto e horas 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 e 24, e a quantidade total de analgésicos administrada nas 24 horas (p < 0,05). Foi observada também correlação significantemente negativa entre os escores de ansiedade e satisfação dos pacientes. Conclusão: Nosso estudo mostrou que doadores vivos submetidos a nefrectomia para doação com altos níveis de ansiedade apresentaram tempos de recuperação tardios e altos escores de dor no pós-operatório. Assim, a identificação dos pacientes com alto nível de ansiedade no pré-operatório é crucial para propiciar recuperação da anestesia e controle da dor no pós-operatório satisfatórios durante a nefrectomia para doação de órgão.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Anxiety/complications , Pain, Postoperative/etiology , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Anesthesia Recovery Period , Living Donors/psychology , Nephrectomy , Prospective Studies , Preoperative Period , Middle Aged
4.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 69(6): 580-586, nov.-Dec. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1057470

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background and objectives: The frequent onset of hemidiaphragmatic paralysis during interscalene block restricts its use in patients with respiratory insufficiency. Supraclavicular block could be a safe and effective alternative. Our primary objective was to assess the incidence of hemidiaphragmatic paralysis following ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block and compare it to that of interscalene block. Methods: Adults warranting elective shoulder surgery under regional anesthesia (Toulouse University Hospital) were prospectively enrolled from May 2016 to May 2017 in this observational study. Twenty millilitres of 0.375% Ropivacaine were injected preferentially targeted to the "corner pocket". Diaphragmatic excursion was measured by ultrasonography before and 30 minutes after regional anesthesia. A reduction ≥25% in diaphragmatic excursion during a sniff test defined the hemidiaphragmatic paralysis. Dyspnoea and hypoxaemia were recorded in the recovery room. Predictive factors of hemidiaphragmatic paralysis (gender, age, weight, smoking, functional capacity) were explored. Postoperative pain was also analysed. Results: Forty-two and 43 patients from respectively the supraclavicular block and interscalene block groups were analysed. The incidence of hemidiaphragmatic paralysis was 59.5% in the supraclavicular block group compared to 95.3% in the interscalene block group (p < 0.0001). Paradoxical movement of the diaphragm was more common in the interscalene block group (RR = 2, 95% CI 1.4-3; p = 0.0001). A similar variation in oxygen saturation was recorded between patients with and without hemidiaphragmatic paralysis (p = 0.08). No predictive factor of hemidiaphragmatic paralysis could be identified. Morphine consumption and the highest numerical rating scale numerical rating scale (NRS) at 24 hours did not differ between groups. Conclusions: Given the frequent incidence of hemidiaphragmatic paralysis following supraclavicular block, this technique cannot be recommended for patients with an altered respiratory function.


Resumo Justificativa e objetivos: O aparecimento frequente de paralisia hemidiafragmática durante o bloqueio interescalênico restringe seu uso em pacientes com insuficiência respiratória. O bloqueio supraclavicular pode ser uma opção segura e eficaz. Nosso objetivo primário foi avaliar a incidência de paralisia hemidiafragmática após bloqueio supraclavicular guiado por ultrassom e compará-lo com o bloqueio interescalênico. Métodos: Os adultos agendados para cirurgia eletiva do ombro sob anestesia regional (Hospital Universitário de Toulouse) foram prospectivamente incluídos neste estudo observacional, de maio de 2016 a maio de 2017. Vinte mililitros de ropivacaína a 0,375% foram injetados, preferencialmente objetivando a interseção da primeira costela e da artéria subclávia. A excursão diafragmática foi medida por ultrassonografia antes e 30 minutos após a anestesia regional. Uma redução ≥ 25% na excursão diafragmática durante um sniff test definiu a paralisia hemidiafragmática. Dispneia e hipoxemia foram registradas na sala de recuperação. Fatores preditivos de paralisia hemidiafragmática (sexo, idade, peso, tabagismo, capacidade funcional) foram explorados. A dor pós-operatória também foi avaliada. Resultados: Quarenta e dois e 43 pacientes dos grupos bloqueio supraclavicular e bloqueio interescalênico, respectivamente, foram avaliados. A incidência de paralisia hemidiafragmática foi de 59,5% no grupo bloqueio supraclavicular em comparação com 95,3% no grupo bloqueio interescalênico (p < 0,0001). O movimento paradoxal do diafragma foi mais comum no grupo bloqueio interescalênico (RR = 2, 95% IC 1,4-3; p = 0,0001). Uma variação semelhante na saturação de oxigênio foi registrada entre os pacientes com e sem paralisia hemidiafragmática (p = 0,08). Nenhum fator preditivo de paralisia hemidiafragmática pôde ser identificado. O consumo de morfina e o maior escore na escala numérica (NRS) em 24 horas não diferiram entre os grupos. Conclusão: Devido à frequente incidência de paralisia hemidiafragmática após bloqueio supraclavicular, essa técnica não pode ser recomendada para pacientes com função respiratória alterada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Respiratory Paralysis/etiology , Brachial Plexus Block/methods , Ropivacaine/administration & dosage , Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Respiratory Paralysis/epidemiology , Incidence , Prospective Studies , Cohort Studies , Ultrasonography, Interventional , Brachial Plexus Block/adverse effects , Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage , Middle Aged , Morphine/administration & dosage
5.
Rev. cuba. anestesiol. reanim ; 18(2): e548, mayo.-ago. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1093102

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El dolor es un síntoma tan antiguo como la propia humanidad y ha formado parte inseparable de esta. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de la analgesia preventiva con diclofenaco en el dolor posoperatorio en niños operados por cirugía general electiva. Método: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, cuasiexperimental, en 230 niños operados por cirugía general electiva. La muestra se distribuyó en dos grupos; analgesia preventiva con diclofenaco (grupo estudio), versus dipirona por vía rectal (grupo control). Las variables analizadas fueron intensidad del dolor, modificaciones hemodinámicas, evolución clínica y eventos adversos. Resultados: En ambos grupos prevalecieron los pacientes entre los 6 y 10 años de edad. En el grupo estudio, el dolor apareció a partir de las 6 h después de la operación, en solo 23 pacientes. No así en el grupo control que desde las 4 h, 19 pacientes refirieron dolor. En el grupo estudio los 23 pacientes tuvieron aproximadamente 2 h de duración del dolor y de ellos, solo 4 con intensidad severa; mientras que en el control 65 refirieron 2 h de dolor y el resto lo refirieron durante 4 h a pesar del rescate analgésico. Nueve de ellos, presentaron intensidad severa. Algunos pacientes presentaron modificaciones de la tensión arterial, frecuencia cardiaca y respiratoria asociadas al dolor. Los efectos adversos frecuentes fueron náuseas y vómitos. Conclusiones: La administración preventiva de diclofenaco disminuye la intensidad del dolor posoperatorio en los procedimientos quirúrgicos de cirugía general electiva en niños(AU)


Introduction: Pain is a symptom as old as humanity itself and has been an inseparable part of it. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of preventive analgesia with diclofenac for postoperative pain in elective paediatric general surgery. Methods: A prospective, quasi-experimental study was carried out with 230 children who underwent elective general surgery. The sample was divided into two groups: preventive analgesia with diclofenac (study group) versus dipyrone by the rectal way (control group). The variables analyzed were pain intensity, hemodynamic modifications, clinical evolution and adverse events. Results: In both groups, patients aged 6-10 years of age prevailed. In the study group, pain onset occurred at 6 hours after surgery, in only 23 patients; not being that way in the control group, in which, at 4 hours, 19 patients reported pain. In the study group, the 23 patients had approximately 2 hours of pain duration and, among them, only 4 hours with severe intensity; while in the control group, 65 patients reported 2 hours of pain and the rest referred it for 4 hours despite the analgesic rescue. Nine of them presented severe intensity. Some patients presented changes in blood pressure, heart rate and breathing associated with pain. The frequent adverse effects include nausea and vomiting. Conclusions: The preventive administration of diclofenac decreases the intensity of posoperative pain in surgical procedures of elective paediatric general surgery(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Diclofenac/therapeutic use , Dipyrone/therapeutic use , Analgesia/methods , Prospective Studies , Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
6.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 30(4): 479-486, out.-dez. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-977993

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a força da musculatura respiratória e periférica após cirurgia cardíaca, e comparar as modificações nestas variáveis no terceiro e no sexto dias pós-operatórios. Métodos: Recrutaram-se 46 pacientes, dos quais 29 eram homens, com média de idade de 60,50 anos (DP = 9,20). Foram submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio 36 pacientes, cinco pacientes foram submetidos à substituição de válvula aórtica, e outros cinco à substituição da válvula mitral. Resultados: Observaram-se redução significante da força da musculatura respiratória e periférica, e significante aumento da intensidade da dor no terceiro e no sexto dias pós-operatórios (p < 0,05), exceto para a variável pressão inspiratória máxima. No sexto dia pós-operatório, os valores da pressão inspiratória máxima já tinham nível similar aos do período pré-operatório e aos valores previstos (p > 0,05). Ocorreu associação entre a força da musculatura periférica, especificamente entre a pressão expiratória máxima no pré-operatório (rs = 0,383; p = 0,009), no terceiro dia pós-operatório (rs = 0,468; p = 0,001) e no sexto dia pós-operatório (rs = 0,311; p = 0,037). Os tamanhos de efeitos foram coerentes em nível moderado à grande para força muscular respiratória, escores segundo a escala Medical Research Council e a Escala Visual Analógica, em particular entre a avaliação pré-operatória e a do sexto dia pós-operatório. Conclusão: Após cirurgia cardíaca, ocorre diminuição da força muscular respiratória e periférica. Além disto, a pressão expiratória máxima é a variável mais associada com a força muscular periférica. Essas variáveis, especialmente a força muscular respiratória e periférica, devem ser consideradas pelos profissionais que atuam no ambiente de terapia intensiva.


ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate respiratory and peripheral muscle strength after cardiac surgery. Additionally, we compared the changes in these variables on the third and sixth postoperative days. Methods: Forty-six patients were recruited, including 17 women and 29 men, with a mean age of 60.50 years (SD = 9.20). Myocardial revascularization surgery was performed in 36 patients, replacement of the aortic valve in 5 patients, and replacement of the mitral valve in 5 patients. Results: A significant reduction in respiratory and peripheral muscle strength and a significant increase in pain intensity were observed on the third and sixth postoperative days (p < 0.05), except for the variable maximal inspiratory pressure; on the sixth postoperative day, maximal inspiratory pressure values were already similar to the preoperative and predicted values (p > 0.05). There was an association between peripheral muscle strength, specifically between maximal expiratory pressure preoperatively (rs = 0.383; p = 0.009), on the third postoperative day (rs = 0.468; p = 0.001) and on the sixth postoperative day (rs = 0.311; p = 0.037). The effect sizes were consistently moderate-to-large for respiratory muscle strength, the Medical Research Council scale and the visual analog scale, in particular between preoperative assessment and the sixth postoperative day. Conclusion: There is a decrease in respiratory and peripheral muscle strength after cardiac surgery. In addition, maximal expiratory pressure is the variable that is most associated with peripheral muscle strength. These variables, especially respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, should be considered by professionals working in the intensive care setting.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Muscle Strength/physiology , Myocardial Revascularization/methods , Postoperative Period , Respiratory Muscles/metabolism , Longitudinal Studies , Preoperative Period , Maximal Respiratory Pressures , Middle Aged
7.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 30(3): 173-176, July-Sept. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-885725

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: There are several surgical treatment options for inguinal hernia; however, there is no consensus on the literature identifying which surgical technique promotes less postoperative pain. Aim: To compare the intensity of postoperative pain between the surgical techniques Lichtenstein and transabdominal pre-peritoneal laparoscopy for the treatment of unilateral primary inguinal hernia. Methods: Were included 60 patients, of which 30 were operated through the Lichtenstein technique and 30 patients through the transabdominal pre-peritoneal laparoscopy. The pain levels were evaluated through the analogue visual scale for 2, 10 and 30 days after the surgery. Additionally, the recurrence rate and the presence of chronic pain and paresthesia were evaluated 12 months after the surgery. Results: Overall, the data analysis showed significant differences on pain levels between the surgical techniques. There were no significant differences between the pain levels for day 2. However, for 10 and 30 days after the surgery, the pain levels were significantly lower for the patients operated through the transabdominal pre-peritoneal laparoscopy technique compared to the Lichtenstein technique. Furthermore, despite no recurrent hernias for both surgical techniques, 32 % of patients operated through the Lichtenstein technique reported chronic pain and paresthesia 12 months after the surgery, compared with 3,6% of patients operated through the transabdominal pre-peritoneal laparoscopy technique. Conclusion: There are differences between the surgical techniques, with the transabdominal pre-peritoneal laparoscopy procedure promoting significantly lower postoperative pain (10 and 30 days) and chronic pain (12 months) compared to the Lichtenstein procedure.


RESUMO Racional: Existem diversas opções de tratamentos cirúrgicos para hernia inguinal; entretanto, não existe consenso na literatura sobre qual técnica cirúrgica promove menor dor pós-operatória. Objetivo: Comparar a intensidade de dor pós-operatória entre as técnicas cirúrgicas de Lichtenstein e a laparoscópica pré-peritoneal transabdominal no tratamento da hérnia inguinal unilateral não-recidivada. Métodos: Foram incluídos 60 pacientes, dos quais 30 foram operados pela técnica de Lichtenstein e 30 pela laparoscópica pré-peritoneal transabdominal. A intensidade da dor foi avaliada por meio da escala visual analógica nos dias 2, 10 e 30 de pós-operatório. A taxa de recidiva, a presença de dor crônica e parestesia local foram avaliadas com 12 meses de pós-operatório. Resultados: A análise dos dados demonstrou que existem diferenças significantes nos níveis de dor entre as técnicas cirúrgicas. Não houve diferença entre o nível de dor com dois dias. Entretanto, com 10 e 30 dias, o nível de dor foi significativamente menor para os operados pela técnica laparoscópica pré-peritoneal transabdominal, comparado à de Lichtenstein. Além disso, apesar de não haver casos de reincidência para ambas as técnicas, 32% dos pacientes operados por Lichtenstein relataram dor crônica e parestesia local 12 meses depois da operação, comparado a 3,6% da técnica laparoscópica pré-peritoneal transabdominal. Conclusão: Há diferenças entre as técnicas cirúrgicas, com o procedimento laparoscópico pré-peritoneal transabdominal promovendo níveis de dor pós-operatória (10 e 30 dias) e dor crônica (12 meses) significativamente menores, quando comparado ao procedimento Lichtenstein.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Pain, Postoperative/diagnosis , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Pain Measurement , Laparoscopy , Herniorrhaphy/methods , Hernia, Inguinal/surgery , Prospective Studies
8.
Dolor ; 26(67): 16-19, jul. 2017. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1096256

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: el dolor postoperatorio es un importante problema de salud pública, con una elevada incidencia según publicaciones internacionales. el dolor crónico postoperatorio (DCPO) se desarrolla posterior a una cirugía y persiste por más de dos meses, excluyendo otras causas y problemas preexistentes. se han descrito factores de riesgo demográficos, psicosociales y médicos para el desarrollo de dolor crónico postoperatorio (DCPO), siendo el más importante el dolor postoperatorio agudo elevado. actualmente, en Chile se carece de datos locales sobre dolor postoperatorio agudo y crónico. OBJETIVO: evaluar la intensidad del dolor agudo en pacientes post-operados y las medidas analgésicas utilizadas, esto en el contexto de la identificación de los factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de DCPO en pacientes hospitalizados en el servicio de cirugía de un hospital de alta complejidad. MATERRIALES Y MÉTODOS: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal retrospectivo. La muestra incluyó a 100 pacientes post-operados seleccionados en forma aleatoria del área de cirugía del Hospital del Salvador entre los meses de septiembre y octubre de 2017. Se realizó una revisión de protocolos operatorios, evoluciones e indicaciones médicas y se registraron edad, sexo, dolor postoperatorio según la escala numérica del dolor (EN) y factores de riesgo de DCPO (cirugía con riesgo de daño nervioso, revisional, abierta, malla, complicaciones postoperatorias, dolor postoperatorio sobre 5, según EN), además del tiempo operatorio. Se realizó un registro electrónico en planilla de excel (Microsoft® Excel® 2011) pre-codificada y diseñada para este fin, resguardando la identidad de los participantes. Los datos obtenidos se expresaron como promedios (con desviación estándar) y medianas. RESULTADOS: se encontró una incidencia de 44% de dolor postoperatorio, con intensidad promedio de 4,4 ± 1,64 puntos entre los pacientes que presentaron dolor en algún grado. el 93% de los pacientes con dolor presentó dolor moderado a severo. en el 98% del total de pacientes se indicó terapia analgésica; de éstos, el 47,95% solo tuvo indicación de antiinflamatorios no esteroidales (AINEs), 39,79% AINEs y paracetamol, 7,14% solo paracetamol y 5,10% otras combinaciones. el 95% de los pacientes presentó uno o más factores de riesgo para DCPO, y el 11%, cuatro o más. DISCUSIÓN: el conocimiento de la incidencia e intensidad local de dolor postoperatorio es un primer paso para optimizar su manejo. la identificación de la población en riesgo de desarrollar DCPO podría permitir implementar a futuro medidas preventivas, que mejoren la calidad de vida de los pacientes postoperados


INTRODUCTION: postoperative pain is an important public health issue, with a high incidence reported in international literature. chronic postoperative pain (CPOP) is developed posterior to a surgical intervention and persists over two months, excluding other causes and preexisting problems. several risk factors for CPOP have been mentioned, including demographic, psicosocial and medical ones; the most relevant being high acute postoperative pain. nowadays, Chile lacks local data of acute and chronic postoperative pain. OBJECTIVES: assess the intensity of acute postoperative pain and the analgesia used, in the context of the identification of risk factors for CPOP in a surgery department of a high complexity hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: an observational descriptive tranversal restrospective study was used. the sample was constituted by 100 postsurgical patients selected randomly from the surgical department of the Hospital del Salvador between september and october 2017. a revision of surgical protocols and medical charts was made; age, sex, postsurgical pain according to numeric pain scale (NPS) and risk factors for CPOP (surgery with risk of nervous damage, second look, open, use of mesh, postsurgical complications, postsurgical pain above 5 according to NPS) were registered, besides surgical time. the record was made on an precoded excel sheet (Microsoft® Excel® 2011), designed for this purpose. the identity of the patients was kept anonymous. the data obtained was expressed as mean (with standard deviation) and median. RESULTS: an incidence of 44% of postsurgical pain was found, with mean intensity of 4.4 ± 1.64points between patients that presented any degree of pain.93% from the patients with pain presented moderate to severe pain. 98% from the total of patients had analgesia, from them 47.95% only had non-steroidal antiinflamatory drugs (NSAIDs), 39.79% NSAIDs and acetaminophen, 7.14% only acetaminophen and 5.10% other combinations. 95% of patients had one or more risk factors for CPOP, and 11% four or more of them. DISCUSSION: the knowledge of the incidence and intensity of postsurgical pain is the first step in order to optimize its manage. the identification of the population at risk to develop CPOP could allow the implementation of preventive measures that may improve the quality of life of postsurgical patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Analgesia/methods , Pain Measurement , Chile , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Incidence , Risk Factors , Acute Pain/diagnosis , Acute Pain/drug therapy , Chronic Pain/epidemiology , Hospitalization , Analgesics/therapeutic use
9.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 66(6): 628-636, Nov.-Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-829704

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background and objectives: Total knee arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty are associated with chronic pain development. Of the studies focusing on perioperative factors for chronic pain, few have focused on the differences that might arise from the anesthesia type performed during surgery. Methods: This was a prospective observational study performed between July 2014 and March 2015 with patients undergoing unilateral elective total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA) for osteoarthritis. Data collection and pain evaluation questionnaires were performed in three different moments: preoperatively, 24 hours postoperatively and at 6 months after surgery. To characterize pain, Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) was used and SF-12v2 Health survey was used to further evaluate the sample's health status. Results: Forty and three patients were enrolled: 25.6% men and 74.4% women, 51,2% for total knee arthroplasty and48.8% for total hip arthroplasty, with a mean age of 68 years. Surgeries were performed in 25.6% of patients under general anesthesia, 55.8% under neuraxial anesthesia and 18.6% under combined anesthesia. Postoperatively, neuraxial anesthesia had a better pain control. Comparing pain evolution between anesthesia groups, neuraxial anesthesia was associated with a decrease in “worst”, “medium” and “now” pain at six months. Combined anesthesia was associated with a decrease of “medium” pain scores at six months. Of the three groups, only those in neuraxial group showed a decrease in level of pain interference in “walking ability”. TKA, “worst” pain preoperatively and general were predictors of pain development at six months. Conclusions: Patients with gonarthrosis and severe pain preoperatively may benefit from individualized pre- and intraoperative care, particularly preoperative analgesia and neuraxial anesthesia.


Resumo Justificativa e objetivos: A artroplastia total de joelho e a artroplastia total de quadril estão associadas ao desenvolvimento de dor crônica. Dentre os estudos que avaliam os fatores perioperatórios para a dor crônica, poucos abordam as diferenças que podem surgir do tipo de anestesia feita durante a cirurgia. Métodos: Estudo observacional, prospectivo, feito entre julho de 2014 e março 2015 com pacientes submetidos à ATJ unilateral eletiva ou ATQ para a osteoartrite. A coleta de dados e a avaliação da dor por meio de questionários foram feitas em três momentos distintos: no pré-operatório, em 24 horas de pós-operatório e aos seis meses após a cirurgia. O Inventário Breve da Dor (IBD) foi usado para caracterizar a dor o e o Questionário SF-12v2 foi usado para avaliar melhor o estado de saúde da amostra. Resultados: Foram inscritos 43 pacientes: 25,6% homens e 74,4% mulheres, 51,2% para ATJ e 48,8% ATQ, com média de 68 anos. A cirurgia foi feita em 25,6% dos pacientes sob anestesia geral, em 55,8% sob anestesia neuroaxial e em 18,6% sob anestesia combinada. No pós-operatório, a anestesia neuraxial apresentou melhor controle da dor. Na comparação da evolução da dor entre os grupos, a anestesia neuraxial foi associada a uma diminuição de “pior”, “médio” e “sem” dor em seis meses. A anestesia combinada foi associada a uma diminuição do escore “médio” de dor em seis meses. Dos três grupos, apenas aqueles no grupo neuraxial apresentaram uma diminuição do nível de interferência da dor na “capacidade de caminhar”. ATJ, “pior” dor no pré-operatório e anestesia geral foram preditivos de desenvolvimento de dor aos seis meses. Conclusões: Os pacientes com gonartrose e dor intensa no pré-operatório podem obter benefício de cuidados individualizados no pré e intraoperatório, particularmente de analgesia no pré-operatório e anestesia neuraxial.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Elective Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Orthopedic Procedures/adverse effects , Anesthesia , Pain Measurement , Prospective Studies , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee , Middle Aged
10.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 66(5): 505-512, Sept.-Oct. 2016.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-794807

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background and objectives: Postoperative persistent chronic pain (POCP) is a serious health problem, disabling, undermining the quality of life of affected patients. Although more studies and research have addressed the possible mechanisms of the evolution from acute pain to chronic postoperatively, there are still no consistent data about the risk factors and prevention. This article aims to bring what is in the panorama of the current literature available. Content: This review describes the definition, risk factors, and mechanisms of POCD, its prevention and treatment. The main drugs and techniques are exposed comprehensively. Conclusion: Postoperative persistent chronic pain is a complex and still unclear etiology entity, which interferes heavily in the life of the subject. Neuropathic pain resulting from surgical trauma is still the most common expression of this entity. Techniques to prevent nerve injury are recommended and should be used whenever possible. Despite efforts to understand and select risk patients, the management and prevention of this syndrome remain challenging and inappropriate.


Resumo Justificativa e objetivos: A dor crônica persistente pós-operatória (DCPO) constitui um grave problema de saúde, incapacitante, mina a qualidade de vida dos pacientes acometidos. Apesar de mais estudos e pesquisas terem sido desenvolvidos a respeito dos possíveis mecanismos da evolução da dor aguda para dor crônica pós-operatória, ainda não existem dados consistentes a respeito de seus fatores de risco e prevenção. Este artigo se propõe a trazer o que há no panorama da literatura atual disponível. Conteúdo: Esta revisão descreve a definição, os fatores de risco e os mecanismos da DCPO, sua prevenção e seus tratamentos. Os principais medicamentos e técnicas são expostos de forma compreensiva. Conclusão: A dor crônica persistente pós-operatória é uma entidade complexa e de etiologia ainda não esclarecida, que interfere intensamente na vida do sujeito. A dor neuropática decorrente do trauma cirúrgico ainda é a expressão mais comum dessa entidade. Técnicas que evitem a lesão de nervos estão recomendadas e devem ser usadas sempre que possível. Apesar dos esforços para entender e selecionar os pacientes de risco, o manuseio e a prevenção dessa síndrome continuam desafiantes e inapropriados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , Chronic Pain/etiology , Chronic Pain/prevention & control , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Quality of Life , Risk Factors , Chronic Pain/drug therapy , Chronic Pain/epidemiology
11.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 66(2): 140-144, Mar.-Apr. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-777405

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two different doses of intrathecal morphine on postoperative analgesia, postoperative first mobilization and urination times and the severity of side effects. METHODS: After Institutional Ethical Committee approval, 48 ASA I-II patients were enrolled in this randomized double-blinded study. Spinal anesthesia was performed with 0.1 mg (Group I, n = 22) or 0.4 mg (Group II, n = 26) ITM in addition to 7.5 mg heavy bupivacaine. The first analgesic requirement, first mobilization and voiding times, and postoperative side effects were recorded. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 15.0 and p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The numeric data were analyzed by thet-test and presented as mean ± SD. Categorical data were analyzed with the chi-square test and expressed as number of patients and percentage. RESULTS: Demographic data were similar among groups. There were no differences related to postoperative pain, first analgesic requirements, and first mobilization and first voiding times. The only difference between two groups was the vomiting incidence. In Group II 23% (n = 6) of the patients had vomiting during the first postoperative 24 h compared to 0% in Group I (p = 0.025). CONCLUSION: For inguinal hernia repairs, the dose of 0.1 mg of ITM provides comparable postoperative analgesia with a dose of 0.4 mg, with significantly lower vomiting incidence when combined with low dose heavy bupivacaine.


RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Comparar os efeitos de duas doses diferentes de morfina intratecal (MIT) sobre a analgesia no pós-operatório, os tempos até a primeira mobilização e micção no pós-operatório e a gravidade dos efeitos colaterais. MÉTODOS: Após a aprovação do Comitê de Ética Institucional, 48 pacientes com estado físico ASA I-II foram incluídos neste estudo randômico e duplo-cego. A raquianestesia foi feita com 0,1 mg (Grupo I, n = 22) ou 0,4 mg (Grupo II, n = 26) de MIT adicionados a 7,5 mg de bupivacaína hiperbárica. Os tempos até a primeira necessidade de analgésico, mobilização e micção e os efeitos colaterais no pós-operatório foram registrados. As análises estatísticas foram feitas com o programa SPSS 15.0 e p < 0,05 foi considerado estatisticamente significativo. Os dados numéricos foram analisados com o teste t e expressos como média ± DP. Os dados categóricos foram analisados com o teste do qui-quadrado e expressos como número de pacientes e porcentagem. RESULTADOS: Os dados demográficos foram semelhantes entre os grupos. Não houve diferenças em relação à dor, aos tempos até a primeira necessidade de analgésicos, à primeira mobilização e primeira micção. A única diferença entre os dois grupos foi a incidência vômito. No Grupo II, 23% (n = 6) das pacientes apresentaram vômito durante as primeiras 24 horas de pós-operatório, em comparação com 0% no Grupo I (p = 0,025). CONCLUSÃO: Para herniorrafia inguinal, a dose de 0,1 mg de MIT fornece analgesia comparável à dose de 0,4 mg, com uma incidência de vômito significativamente menor quando combinada com uma dose baixa de bupivacaína hiperbárica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Bupivacaine/administration & dosage , Hernia, Inguinal/surgery , Anesthesia, Spinal/methods , Morphine/administration & dosage , Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Vomiting/epidemiology , Double-Blind Method , Follow-Up Studies , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Herniorrhaphy/methods , Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage , Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects , Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Middle Aged , Morphine/adverse effects
12.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 66(1): 12-18, Jan.-Feb. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-773477

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: We investigated the effects of a novel method of anesthesia combining propofol and volatile anesthesia on the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery. METHODS: Patients were randomly divided into three groups: those maintained with sevoflurane (Group S, n = 42), propofol (Group P, n = 42), or combined propofol and sevoflurane (Group PS, n = 42). We assessed complete response (no postoperative nausea and vomiting and no rescue antiemetic use), incidence of nausea and vomiting, nausea severity score, vomiting frequency, rescue antiemetic use, and postoperative pain at 2 and 24 h after surgery. RESULTS: The number of patients who exhibited a complete response was greater in Groups P and PS than in Group S at 0-2 h (74%, 76% and 43%, respectively, p = 0.001) and 0-24 h (71%, 76% and 38%, respectively, p < 0.0005). The incidence of nausea at 0-2 h (Group S = 57%, Group P = 26% and Group PS = 21%, p = 0.001) and 0-24 h (Group S = 62%, Group P = 29% and Group PS = 21%, p < 0.0005) was also significantly different among groups. However, there were no significant differences among groups in the incidence or frequency of vomiting or rescue antiemetic use at 0-24 h. CONCLUSION: Combined propofol and volatile anesthesia during laparoscopic gynecological surgery effectively decreases the incidence of postoperative nausea. We term this novel method of anesthesia "combined intravenous-volatile anesthesia (CIVA)".


JUSTIFICATIVA: Investigamos os efeitos de um novo método de anestesia, que combina propofol e anestesia volátil, sobre a incidência de náusea e vômito no período pós-operatório de pacientes submetidas à laparoscopia ginecológica. MÉTODOS: As pacientes foram randomicamente divididas em três grupos: manutenção com sevoflurano (Grupo S, n = 42), com propofol (Grupo P, n = 42) ou com a combinação de propofol e sevoflurano (Grupo PS, n = 42). Avaliamos as respostas completas (sem náusea e vômito no pós-operatório e sem uso de antiemético de resgate), incidência de náusea e vômito, escore de gravidade da náusea, frequência de vômitos, uso de antiemético de resgate e dor no pós-operatório em duas e 24 horas após a cirurgia. RESULTADOS: O número de doentes que apresentou uma resposta completa foi maior nos grupos P e PS do que no Grupo S em 0-duas horas (74%, 76% e 43%m respectivamente, p = 0,001) e 0-24 horas (71%, 76% e 38%, respectivamente, p < 0,0005). A incidência de náusea em 0-duas horas (Grupo S = 57%, Grupo P = 26% e Grupo PS = 21%, p = 0,001) e 0-24 horas (Grupo S = 62%; Grupo P = 29% e grupo PS = 21%, p < 0,0005) também foi significativamente diferente entre os grupos. Porém, não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos em relação à incidência ou frequência de vômitos ou uso de antiemético de resgate em 0-24 horas. CONCLUSÃO: A combinação de propofol e anestesia volátil durante a laparoscopia ginecológica efetivamente diminui a incidência de náusea no pós-operatório.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Young Adult , Propofol/administration & dosage , Laparoscopy/methods , Anesthetics, Combined/administration & dosage , Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting/epidemiology , Methyl Ethers/administration & dosage , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Gynecologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Time Factors , Incidence , Anesthetics, Intravenous/administration & dosage , Anesthetics, Inhalation/administration & dosage , Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting/drug therapy , Sevoflurane , Middle Aged , Antiemetics/therapeutic use
13.
Rev. Fac. Odontol. (B.Aires) ; 30(69): 17-23, jul.-dic. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-869411

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la incidencia de complicaciones intra y postquirúrgicas de extracciones simples en 5 días de atención comunitaria en Junín de los Andes, provincia de Neuquén, Argentina. Se realizaron 109 extracciones dentales en 74 de los pacientes que concurrieron al centro único de atención, entre el 27 y 31 de octubre de 2014, presentando piezas dentarias con indicación de extracción. Las complicaciones más frecuentemente encontradas fueron la fractura de la tabla ósea vestibular, la fractura de la corona de la pieza dentaria y el dolor posoperatorio. Complicaciones de frecuencia intermedia fueron el trismus, la alveolitis, la laceración de los tejidos blandos y la fractura de la raíz de la pieza dentaria. Se registró un caso de hemorragia primaria y una inyección accidental dentro de un vaso sanguíneo. Cuando se comparó estadísticamente la presencia de complicaciones pre y posquirúrgicas entre cirugías que duraron menos de 30 minutos y 30 minutos más, se encontró una asociación significativa; para ambas complicaciones, el porcentaje fue mayor en el segundo grupo. La práctica de extracciones simples ocasionalmente conlleva tener que manejar complicaciones. Es importante que el odontólogo general sea capaz de prevenirlas, diagnosticarlas y tratarlas. Reducir los tiempos operatorios parecería ser una medida clave para disminuir las probabilidades de aparición de complicaciones intra y posquirúrgicas.


The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence of intra and postoperative complications of simple extractions in 5 days of community care in Junín de los Andes, province of Neuquén, Argentina. A total of 109 dental extractions were performed in 74 patients who attended the single care center between October 27 and 31, 2014, presenting teeth with indication of extraction. The most frequent complications were the fracture of the buccal bone table, the fracture of the crown of the tooth and the postoperative pain. Complications of intermediate frequency were trismus, alveolitis, laceration of the soft tissues and fracture of the root of the tooth. There was a case of primary haemorrhage and an accidental injection into a blood vessel. When statistically comparing the presence of pre and postsurgical complications between surgeries that lasted less than 30 minutes and 30 minutes more, a significant association was found; for both complications, the percentage was higher in the second group. The practice of simple extractions occasionally entails having to handle complications. It is important that the general dentist be able to prevent, diagnose and treat them. Reducing operative times seems to be a key measure to decrease the chances of intraoperative and postoperative complications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Community Dentistry , Intraoperative Complications/classification , Intraoperative Complications/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/classification , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Tooth Extraction/adverse effects , Schools, Dental , Age Factors , Argentina , Dry Socket/epidemiology , Tooth Crown/injuries , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Tooth Fractures/epidemiology , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Time Factors
14.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 37(9): 397-401, set. 2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-758099

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a frequência e os fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento da síndrome da mama fantasma em pacientes submetidas à mastectomia para o tratamento do câncer de mama.MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte com mulheres atendidas em um hospital especializado da região sudeste do Brasil no período de setembro de 2008 a junho de 2009. Foram consideradas como tendo síndrome da mama fantasma pacientes com relato da presença de dor na mama fantasma e/ou sensação na mama fantasma. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA) (015/08). Foi realizada análise descritiva por meio da frequência absoluta e relativa. Para avaliar a associação entre a SMF e os potenciais fatores de risco, foi realizada análise univariada, por meio de odds ratios(OR) com os respectivos intervalos com 95% de confiança (IC95%).RESULTADOS: Foram incluídas 88 pacientes. A frequência da SMF observada aos 45 dias (primeiro seguimento) foi de 44,3 e 18,2% aos 2 anos (último seguimento). A maioria das mulheres apresentou relato de sensação na mama fantasma em todos os seguimentos (37,1; 30,1 e 22%). No seguimento de 6 meses, mulheres com idade inferior a 60 anos apresentaram um risco 3,9 vezes maior de apresentar síndrome da mama fantasma (OR=3,9; IC95% 1,4-10,5) e aquelas com maior escolaridade (8 anos ou mais de estudo) apresentaram maior risco de desenvolver SMF (OR=2,6; I 95% 1,01-6,8).CONCLUSÃO: A população estudada apresentou alta frequência de SMF, com diminuição ao longo do seguimento pós-operatório. Sua ocorrência no seguimento de seis meses foi maior entre as mulheres mais jovens e com maior escolaridade.


PURPOSE: To evaluate the frequency and risk factors for the development of phantom breast syndrome in patients submitted to mastectomy after breast cancer treatment.METHODS: A cohort study of women undergoing treatment at the Hospital of Cancer III, National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA) from September 2008 to June 2009. PBS was considered based on report of phantom breast sensation and/or phantom breast pain. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the INCA (015/08). Descriptive analysis using absolute and relative frequency was performed. To evaluate the association between PBS and potential risk factors, univariate analysis was performed by means of odds ratios (OR) with respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).RESULTS: A total of 88 patients were included. The frequency of PBS observed was 44.3 at 45 days (first follow-up) and 18.2% at 2 years (last follow-up). Most women reported phantom breast syndrome in all segments (37.1; 30.1 and 22%). During the six month follow-up, women under the age of 60 years had a 3.93 times higher risk of PBS (OR=3.9; 95%CI 1.4-10.5) and those with higher education (8 years or more of study) had a higher risk of developing PBS (OR=2.6; 95%CI 1.01-6.8).CONCLUSION: The study population had a high frequency of PBS, which decreased over postoperative follow-up. Its occurrence after six months was higher among younger and more educated women.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Mastectomy , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Perceptual Disorders/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Risk Factors , Syndrome
15.
Yonsei Medical Journal ; : 474-481, 2015.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-141621

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate perioperative complications of robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery in gynecology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who underwent elective robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery between February 2006 and December 2013 were identified. Robotic procedures were performed using the da Vinci robotic system. Patient demographic data and operative outcomes were prospectively collected in a computerized database and extracted for this study. RESULTS: Two hundred and ninety eight patients were identified during the study period. One case was converted to conventional laparoscopy due to mechanical failure of the robot system before the procedure and excluded from review. The median age and body mass index of patients were 48 years and 23.0 kg/m2, respectively. The majority (n=130, 43.6%) of operative procedures was radical hysterectomy, followed by endometrial cancer staging (n=112, 37.6%), total hysterectomy (n=39, 13.1%), and myomectomy (n=17, 5.7%). The median operative time, estimated blood loss, and postoperative hospital stay were 208.5 min, 184.8 mL, and 8.9 days, respectively. The overall complication rate was 18.8% and that for only oncologic cases was 16.1%. Intraoperative complications (n=5, 1.7%) consisted of three vessel injuries, one bowel content leakage during an appendectomy during endometrial cancer staging and one case of bladder injury during radical hysterectomy. Early and late postoperative complications were 14.4% and 2.7%, respectively. Five patients (1.7%) experienced grade 3 complications according to Clavien-Dindo classification and therefore needed further intervention. CONCLUSION: Robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery is a feasible approach in gynecology with acceptable complications.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Body Mass Index , Endometrial Neoplasms/surgery , Hysterectomy , Laparoscopy/methods , Length of Stay , Lymph Node Excision/methods , Neoplasm Staging , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Perioperative Period , Postoperative Complications , Prospective Studies , Robotics/methods , Socioeconomic Factors , Treatment Outcome , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/surgery
16.
Yonsei Medical Journal ; : 474-481, 2015.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-141620

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate perioperative complications of robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery in gynecology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who underwent elective robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery between February 2006 and December 2013 were identified. Robotic procedures were performed using the da Vinci robotic system. Patient demographic data and operative outcomes were prospectively collected in a computerized database and extracted for this study. RESULTS: Two hundred and ninety eight patients were identified during the study period. One case was converted to conventional laparoscopy due to mechanical failure of the robot system before the procedure and excluded from review. The median age and body mass index of patients were 48 years and 23.0 kg/m2, respectively. The majority (n=130, 43.6%) of operative procedures was radical hysterectomy, followed by endometrial cancer staging (n=112, 37.6%), total hysterectomy (n=39, 13.1%), and myomectomy (n=17, 5.7%). The median operative time, estimated blood loss, and postoperative hospital stay were 208.5 min, 184.8 mL, and 8.9 days, respectively. The overall complication rate was 18.8% and that for only oncologic cases was 16.1%. Intraoperative complications (n=5, 1.7%) consisted of three vessel injuries, one bowel content leakage during an appendectomy during endometrial cancer staging and one case of bladder injury during radical hysterectomy. Early and late postoperative complications were 14.4% and 2.7%, respectively. Five patients (1.7%) experienced grade 3 complications according to Clavien-Dindo classification and therefore needed further intervention. CONCLUSION: Robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery is a feasible approach in gynecology with acceptable complications.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Body Mass Index , Endometrial Neoplasms/surgery , Hysterectomy , Laparoscopy/methods , Length of Stay , Lymph Node Excision/methods , Neoplasm Staging , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Perioperative Period , Postoperative Complications , Prospective Studies , Robotics/methods , Socioeconomic Factors , Treatment Outcome , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/surgery
17.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 22(5): 785-791, Sep-Oct.2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-730624

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the relationship between preoperative emotional state and the prevalence and intensity of postoperative pain and to explore predictors of postoperative pain. METHOD: observational retrospective study undertaken among 127 adult patients of orthopedic and trauma surgery. Postoperative pain was assessed with the verbal numeric scale and with five variables of emotional state: anxiety, sweating, stress, fear, and crying. The Chi-squared test, Student's t test or ANOVA and a multivariate logistic regression analysis were used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS: the prevalence of immediate postoperative pain was 28%. Anxiety was the most common emotional factor (72%) and a predictive risk factor for moderate to severe postoperative pain (OR: 4.60, 95% CI 1.38 to 15.3, p<0.05, AUC: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.62 to 0.83). Age exerted a protective effect (OR 0.96, 95% CI: 0.94-0.99, p<0.01). CONCLUSION: preoperative anxiety and age are predictors of postoperative pain in patients undergoing orthopedic and trauma surgery. .


OBJETIVOS: analisar a relação entre o estado emocional pré-operatório e a prevalência e a intensidade da dor pós-operatória e explorar fatores preditivos de dor pós-operatória. MÉTODO: estudo retrospectivo observacional, realizado com 127 pacientes adultos submetidos a cirurgias ortopédicas e traumatológicas. A dor pós-operatória foi avaliada usando a escala numérica verbal e cinco variáveis do estado emocional: ansiedade, sudorese, estresse, medo e choro. Para a análise estatística, foram utilizados os testes do qui-quadrado, teste t de Student ou análise de variância e uma análise de regressão logística multivariada. RESULTADOS: a prevalência de dor pós-operatória imediata foi de 28%. A ansiedade foi o fator emocional mais comum (72%) e fator preditivo de risco para dor pós-operatória severa (OR: 4,60, IC 95%: 1,38 a 15,3, p<0,05, AUC: 0,72, IC 95%: 0,62 a 0,83). A idade exerceu efeito protetor (OR 0,96, IC 95%: 0,94-0,99, p<0,01). CONCLUSÃO: a ansiedade pré-operatória e a idade são fatores preditivos de dor pós-operatória em pacientes submetidos a cirurgias ortopédicas e traumatológicas. .


OBJETIVOS: analizar la relación entre el estado emocional preoperatorio y la prevalencia e intensidad de dolor postoperatorio inmediato y explorar los factores predictivos de dolor postoperatorio. MÉTODO: estudio observacional y retrospectivo realizado a 127 pacientes adultos de cirugía ortopédica y traumatológica. El dolor postoperatorio se evaluó con la escala verbal numérica y el estado emocional con 5 variables: ansiedad, sudor, tensión, miedo, lloros. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizaron las pruebas de χ2, t de Student o ANOVA y un análisis multivariado con regresión logística. RESULTADOS: la prevalencia de dolor postoperatorio inmediato fue del 28%. La ansiedad fue el factor emocional más frecuente (72%) y un factor de riesgo predictivo para el dolor postoperatorio moderado-intenso (OR: 4,60, IC95%: 1,38-15,3, p<0,05; AUC: 0,72, IC95%: 0,62-0,83). La edad ejercía un efecto protector (OR: 0,96; IC95%: 0,94-0,99, p<0.01). CONCLUSIÓN: la ansiedad prequirúrgica y la edad son factores predictivos del dolor postoperatorio en pacientes sometidos a cirugía ortopédica y traumatológica. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Wounds and Injuries/surgery , Orthopedic Procedures , Emotions , Pain, Postoperative/psychology , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Preoperative Period
18.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 64(3): 177-182, May-Jun/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-715657

ABSTRACT

Background and objectives: Success rate of catheter applications is low in supraclavicular block. Thus, bupivacaine and levobupivacaine become important with their long effect time in single injection practices. In this study, we aimed to compare the effectiveness, side effects and complications of bupivacaine and levobupivacaine in supraclavicular block. Methods: Sixty patients aged between 20 and 65, with body weight between 50 and 100 kg, in the ASA I-II-III group who were scheduled for hand, forearm and arm surgery using supraclavicular block were randomized into two groups of 30. The patients received 30 ml 0.5% bupivacaine (Group B) or 30 ml 0.5% levobupivacaine (Group L). Motor and sensory blocks were evaluated. Motor and sensory block onset times, total block durations, postoperative pain, amount of postoperative analgesic used and patient satisfaction were recorded. Results: Demographic data, distribution of surgical area and hemodynamic data were similar between the two groups. Surgery, motor and sensory block durations of Group B and L patients did not vary statistically significantly. However, motor and sensory block onset times in Group B were significantly shorter than Group L (p < 0.05). The mean time for first postoperative analgesic demand were 16.6 ± 8.0 h in Group B and 14.4 ± 7.3 h in Group L (p > 0.05). Conclusion: 30 ml 0.5% bupivacaine and levobupivacaine provide similar block characteristics for supraclavicular block. Bupivacaine leads to faster motor and sensory block onset compared to levobupivacaine however similar duration of postoperative analgesia. .


Justificativa e objetivos: a taxa de sucesso de aplicações de cateter é baixa em bloqueio supraclavicular. Assim, bupivacaína e levobupivacaína tornaram-se importantes por causa do efeito de longa duração em práticas de injeção única. Neste estudo, o objetivo foi comparar a eficácia, os efeitos colaterais e as complicações de bupivacaína e levobupivacaína em bloqueio supraclavicular. Métodos: foram randomizados em grupos de 30 cada 60 pacientes, entre 20-65 anos, 50-100 kg, estado físico ASA I-II-III, programados para cirurgia de mão, antebraço e braço com bloqueio supraclavicular. Receberam 30 mL de bupivacaína a 0,5% (Grupo B) ou 30 mL de levobupivacaína a 0,5% (Grupo L). Os bloqueios sensorial e motor foram avaliados e o tempo de início dos bloqueios, a duração dos bloqueios, a dor pós-operatória, a quantidade de analgesia pós-operatória e a satisfação dos pacientes foram registrados. Resultados: os dados demográficos, a distribuição da área cirúrgica e os dados hemodinâmicos foram semelhantes entre os dois grupos. A duração da cirurgia e dos bloqueios sensorial e motor não foi estatisticamente diferente entre os grupos B e L. Contudo, os tempos de início dos bloqueios sensorial e motor do Grupo B foram significativamente menores do que os do Grupo L (p < 0,05). O tempo médio para a primeira solicitação de analgésico no pós-operatório foi de 16,6 ± 8 horas no grupo B e 14,4 ± 7,3 horas no Grupo L (p > 0,05). Conclusão: características semelhantes para o bloqueio supraclavicular são fornecidas por 30 mL de bupivacaína a 0,5% e levobupivacaína. Bupivacaína proporciona início mais rápido de bloqueio sensorial e motor em comparação ...


Justificación y objetivos: la tasa de éxito de las aplicaciones de catéter es baja en el bloqueo supraclavicular. Así, la bupivacaína y la levobupivacaína son importantes debido al efecto a largo plazo en las prácticas de inyección única. En este estudio, el objetivo fue comparar la eficacia, los efectos colaterales y las complicaciones de la bupivacaína y la levobupivacaína en el bloqueo supraclavicular. Métodos: sesenta pacientes, con edades entre 20-65 años, 50-100 kg, estado físico ASA I-II-III, programados para cirugía de mano, antebrazo y brazo con bloqueo supraclavicular, fueron aleatorizados en grupos de 30 pacientes cada uno. Los pacientes recibieron 30 mL de bupivacaína al 0,5% (grupo B) o 30 mL de levobupivacaína al 0,5% (grupo L). Se evaluaron los bloqueos sensorial y motor y se registraron los tiempos de inicio de los bloqueos, duración de los bloqueos, dolor postoperatorio, cantidad de analgesia postoperatoria y satisfacción de los pacientes. Resultados: los datos demográficos, la distribución del área quirúrgica y los datos hemodinámicos fueron similares en los 2 grupos. La duración de la cirugía y de los bloqueos sensorial y motor no fue estadísticamente diferente entre los grupos B y L. Sin embargo, los tiempos de inicio de los bloqueos sensorial y motor del grupo B fueron significativamente menores que los del grupo L (p < 0,05). El tiempo promedio para la primera solicitación de analgésico en el postoperatorio fue de 16,6 ± 8,0 h en el grupo B y 14,4 ± 7,3 h en el grupo L (p > 0,05). Conclusión: los 30 mL de bupivacaína al 0,5% y levobupivacaína suministran características de bloqueo similares para el bloqueo supraclavicular. La bupivacaína proporciona un inicio más rápido de bloqueo sensorial y motor en comparación ...


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Bupivacaine/analogs & derivatives , Nerve Block/methods , Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control , Analgesics/administration & dosage , Anesthetics, Local/adverse effects , Bupivacaine/administration & dosage , Bupivacaine/adverse effects , Double-Blind Method , Nerve Block/adverse effects , Patient Satisfaction , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Time Factors
19.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 64(3): 145-151, May-Jun/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-715659

ABSTRACT

Background: Pain is the primary complaint and the main reason for prolonged recovery after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The authors hypothesized that patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy will have less pain four hours after surgery when receiving maintenance of anesthesia with propofol when compared to isoflurane, desflurane, or sevoflurane. Methods: In this prospective, randomized trial, 80 patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were assigned to propofol, isoflurane, desflurane, or sevoflurane for the maintenance of anesthesia. Our primary outcome was pain measured on the numeric analog scale four hours after surgery. We also recorded intraoperative use of opioids as well as analgesic consumption during the first 24 h after surgery. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in pain scores four hours after surgery (p = 0.72). There were also no statistically significant differences in pain scores between treatment groups during the 24 h after surgery (p = 0.45). Intraoperative use of fentanyl and morphine did not vary significantly among the groups (p = 0.21 and 0.24, respectively). There were no differences in total morphine and hydrocodone/APAP use during the first 24 h (p = 0.61 and 0.53, respectively). Conclusion: Patients receiving maintenance of general anesthesia with propofol do not have less pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy when compared to isoflurane, desflurane, or sevoflurane. .


Justificativa e objetivo: a dor é a principal queixa e também o motivo principal de recuperação prolongada pós-colecistectomia laparoscópica. A nossa hipótese foi que os pacientes submetidos à colecistectomia laparoscópica apresentariam menos dor quatro horas após a cirurgia se recebessem manutenção anestésica com propofol em comparação com isoflurano, desflurano ou sevoflurano. Métodos: neste estudo prospectivo e randômico, 80 pacientes agendados para colecistectomia laparoscópica foram designados para receber propofol, isoflurano, desflurano ou sevoflurano para manutenção da anestesia. Nosso desfecho primário foi dor mensurada em escala analógica numérica quatro horas após a cirurgia. Também registramos o uso intraoperatório de opiáceos, bem como o consumo de analgésicos durante as primeiras 24 horas pós-cirúrgicas. Resultados: não houve diferença estatisticamente significante nos escores de dor quatro horas após a cirurgia (p = 0,72). Também não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa nos escores de dor entre os grupos de tratamento durante as 24 horas pós-cirúrgicas (p = 0,45). O uso intraoperatório de fentanil e morfina não variou significativamente entre os grupos (p = 0,21 e 0,24, respectivamente). Não houve diferença no consumo total de morfina e hidrocodona/APAP durante as primeiras 24 horas (p = 0,61 e 0,53, respectivamente). Conclusão: os pacientes que receberam propofol para manutenção da anestesia geral não apresentaram menos dor pós-colecistectomia videolaparoscópica em comparação com os que receberam isoflurano, desflurano ou sevoflurano. .


Justificación y objetivo: el dolor es el principal motivo de queja y también la principal razón de una prolongada recuperación tras una colecistectomía laparoscópica. Nuestra hipótesis fue que los pacientes sometidos a colecistectomía laparoscópica tenían menos dolor 4 h después de la cirugía cuando recibían propofol para la anestesia en comparación con isoflurano, desflurano o sevoflurano. Métodos: en este estudio prospectivo y aleatorizado, 80 pacientes programados para colecistectomía laparoscópica fueron designados para recibir propofol, isoflurano, desflurano o sevoflurano para el mantenimiento de la anestesia. Nuestro primer resultado fue el dolor medido en escala analógica numérica 4 h después de la cirugía. También registramos el uso intraoperatorio de opiáceos y el consumo de analgésicos durante las primeras 24 h del postoperatorio. Resultados: no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las puntuaciones del dolor 4 h después de la cirugía (p = 0,72). Tampoco hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las puntuaciones del dolor entre los grupos de tratamiento durante las 24 h del postoperatorio (p = 0,45). El uso intraoperatorio de fentanilo y morfina no varió significativamente entre los grupos (p = 0,21 y 0,24 respectivamente). No hubo una diferencia en el consumo total de morfina e hidrocodona/APAP durante las primeras 24 h (p = 0,61 y 0,53 respectivamente). Conclusiones: los pacientes que recibieron propofol para el mantenimiento de la anestesia general no tenían menos dolor poscolecistectomía videolaparoscópica en comparación con los que recibieron isoflurano, desflurano o sevoflurano. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anesthetics, Inhalation/administration & dosage , Anesthetics, Intravenous/administration & dosage , Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic/methods , Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control , Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage , Follow-Up Studies , Fentanyl/administration & dosage , Isoflurane/administration & dosage , Isoflurane/analogs & derivatives , Methyl Ethers/administration & dosage , Morphine/administration & dosage , Pain Measurement , Prospective Studies , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Propofol/administration & dosage , Single-Blind Method , Time Factors
20.
Acta ortop. mex ; 28(2): 88-94, mar.-abr. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-720708

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: El término de espondilolistesis degenerativa acuñado por Newman en 1963, es el deslizamiento hacia adelante de una vértebra inmediatamente inferior sin lisis ístmica. Se observa predominantemente en personas mayores de 40 años, con un predominio de 4:1 del sexo femenino, teniendo una prevalencia de 7.5% en hombres y 28% en mujeres, respectivamente en pacientes con lumbalgia mayores a 50 años. Material y métodos: Evaluar a un año el resultado del uso de espaciadores dinámicos en listesis grado 1 de Meyerding utilizando la escala de incapacidad de Oswestry. Se revisa el historial electrónico y radiográfico de los pacientes según los criterios en el período de Enero 2008 a Diciembre 2010 con el propósito de realizar un estudio de cohortes, retrospectivo, longitudinal y observacional. Resultados: El Oswestry prequirúrgico fue de 3.4% leve, 55.2% moderado y 41.4% severo; mientras que el postquirúrgico fue de 79.3% leve y 20.7% moderado. La cirugía más comúnmente realizada fue exploración y liberación con 72.4%, presentando discectomía únicamente en 27.6%. Los pacientes presentaron dolor irradiado a miembro pélvico derecho en 37.9%, miembro pélvico izquierdo en 44.8% y a ambos miembros pélvicos en 17.2%. Se presentó dolor postquirúrgico irradiado a miembro pélvico únicamente en 2.4%, siendo que en 100% de los casos presentaron algún tipo de dolor irradiado. Se utilizó espaciador DIAM en 79.3% y Wallis en 20.7%. Conclusiones: El tratamiento con espaciador interespinoso presenta un bajo índice de reintervención y, por lo menos a un año, presenta mejoría significativa en el índice de incapacidad.


Background: The term degenerative spondylolisthesis, coined by Newman in 1963, refers to the forward slippage of an immediately inferior vertebra without isthmic lysis. It occurs predominantly in individuals over 40 years of age and affects mainly women, with a female:male ratio of 4:1. Prevalence is 7.5% in males and 28% in females among patients over 50 years of age with low back pain. Material and methods: Assess the one-year results of the use of dynamic spacers for Meyerding grade 1 listhesis with the Oswestry disability scale. The patient's electronic and radiographic records from January 2008 to December 2010 were reviewed according to different criteria to conduct a retrospective, longitudinal and observational cohort study. Results: The preoperative Oswestry score was 3.4% mild, 55.2% moderate, and 42.4% severe; the postoperative score was 79.3% mild and 20.7% moderate. The most common surgical procedure was exploration and release in 72.4% of patients; only 27.6% underwent diskectomy. Pain irradiating to the right pelvic limb occurred in 37.9% of patients, to the left pelvic limb in 44.8%, and to both pelvic limbs in 17.2%. Only 2.4% of patients experienced postoperative pain that irradiated to the pelvic limb, as 100% of cases had some type of irradiating pain. A DIAM spacer was used in 79.3% and a Wallis device in 20.7%. Conclusions: Treatment with an interspinous spacer results in a low reoperation rate and, at least one year later, it resulted in a significant improvement in the disability rate.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Diskectomy/methods , Low Back Pain/etiology , Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology , Spondylolisthesis/surgery , Cohort Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Lumbar Vertebrae , Retrospective Studies , Reoperation/statistics & numerical data , Spondylolisthesis/pathology , Treatment Outcome
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